Evaluation of Anti-Urolithiatic Activity of Rumex hastatus D. Don in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Despite advancements in modern medical remedies, the persistence and prevalence of kidney stone remain a significant concern for humanity as there is no effective remedy available. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the potential anti-lithiatic effect of Rumex hastatus D. Don, an herbal extract towards ethylene glycol-induced lithiasis in rats. To conduct the experiment rats were administered ethylene glycol in their using water for 28 days, along with co-administration of ammonium chloride for the initial three days; anti-urolithiatic action of methanolic extract of Rumex hastatus (MERH) was studied. The rats were orally given MERH regularly for 28 days at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, aiming to assess its effectiveness against hyperoxaluria triggered lithiasis, Cystone, an establishing treatment was used as a standard reference at a dose of 750mg/kg administered orally. The impact of both doses of MERH on urine output, urinary excretion of Na, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+, as well as various serum parameters, kidney and liver characteristic markers and histopathology were observed. The results and subsequent discussion revealed that the oral administration of MERH at doses of 200, and 400 mg/kg to rats with ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride- prompted renal calculi demonstrated a dose-dependent anti-urolithiatic activity. This activity was evident through significant improvements observed in urine and serum parameters, as well as histopathological studies, indicating a reversal of the pathological changes associated with kidney stones.
Keywords:  Urolithiasis, Anti-oxidant, Calcium oxalate, Methanolic extract of Rumex hastatus (MERH), Cystone